Musculoskeletal Questions 4

Which is not a component of the fluid phase?:

Ca2+
Glycosaminoglycan
H2O
K+

Which is not true of recently unloaded cartilage:
Negatively glycosaminoglycan draw ions into the cartilage
An osmotic pressure gradient draws water into the cartilage
The amount of fluid phase in the cartilage is maximal
The cartilage swells until tensional force = swelling force

Which is not a function of the loading cycle?:
Stopping the joint from jarring
Finely adjusting the surface of the joint
Delivering nutrients to the chondrocytes
Allowing growth


You fall over and damage your knee joint so that pale yellow synovial fluid squirts out over the pavement, feeling pain due to the nerves in the fibrous layer and seeing the white articular cartilage. Which word should be amended in the statement?
Squirt
White
Fibrous
Yellow

What is not true of the synovial membrane?
It is an inner layer of loose connective tissue
It lines the joint cavity's all non-articular surfaces
It has 3 distinct layers
It has a variable thickness

What is not true of the joint cavity?
The peripheral margins are filled in by villi of the synovial membrane
It is a large cavity
It sits between the articulating surfaces
There is rarely more than 1ml of synovial fluid within it


Which is not true of the fibrous layer
It has a variable thickness
It has no nerves
It consists of an outer layer of dense connective tissue and attending fibroblasts
None of the above

Muscles are not involved in
Hormonal release
Homeostatic control
Communication
Movement and Stability

The origin of a muscle is not
Usually Axial
A fascicle
Usually proximal
The part that moves the least during a movement.


Which cell type is not found in the fibrous layer?
Erythrocytes
Nerves
Adipocytes
Fibroblasts

Which is not a junction?
Osteochondral
Myotendinous
Osteotendinous
Myoosteous



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