Musculoskeletal Questions 4

Which is not a component of the fluid phase?:

H2O
K+
Ca2+
Glycosaminoglycan

Which is not true of recently unloaded cartilage:
Negatively glycosaminoglycan draw ions into the cartilage
The cartilage swells until tensional force = swelling force
The amount of fluid phase in the cartilage is maximal
An osmotic pressure gradient draws water into the cartilage

Which is not a function of the loading cycle?:
Finely adjusting the surface of the joint
Delivering nutrients to the chondrocytes
Allowing growth
Stopping the joint from jarring


You fall over and damage your knee joint so that pale yellow synovial fluid squirts out over the pavement, feeling pain due to the nerves in the fibrous layer and seeing the white articular cartilage. Which word should be amended in the statement?
Fibrous
White
Yellow
Squirt

What is not true of the synovial membrane?
It lines the joint cavity's all non-articular surfaces
It has 3 distinct layers
It has a variable thickness
It is an inner layer of loose connective tissue

What is not true of the joint cavity?
It sits between the articulating surfaces
It is a large cavity
There is rarely more than 1ml of synovial fluid within it
The peripheral margins are filled in by villi of the synovial membrane


Which is not true of the fibrous layer
It consists of an outer layer of dense connective tissue and attending fibroblasts
None of the above
It has a variable thickness
It has no nerves

Muscles are not involved in
Hormonal release
Movement and Stability
Homeostatic control
Communication

The origin of a muscle is not
The part that moves the least during a movement.
Usually Axial
Usually proximal
A fascicle


Which cell type is not found in the fibrous layer?
Adipocytes
Fibroblasts
Erythrocytes
Nerves

Which is not a junction?
Osteochondral
Myoosteous
Myotendinous
Osteotendinous



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