Musculoskeletal Questions 4

Which is not a component of the fluid phase?:

Ca2+
K+
H2O
Glycosaminoglycan

Which is not true of recently unloaded cartilage:
Negatively glycosaminoglycan draw ions into the cartilage
The amount of fluid phase in the cartilage is maximal
The cartilage swells until tensional force = swelling force
An osmotic pressure gradient draws water into the cartilage

Which is not a function of the loading cycle?:
Stopping the joint from jarring
Allowing growth
Delivering nutrients to the chondrocytes
Finely adjusting the surface of the joint


You fall over and damage your knee joint so that pale yellow synovial fluid squirts out over the pavement, feeling pain due to the nerves in the fibrous layer and seeing the white articular cartilage. Which word should be amended in the statement?
Fibrous
White
Squirt
Yellow

What is not true of the synovial membrane?
It has 3 distinct layers
It lines the joint cavity's all non-articular surfaces
It is an inner layer of loose connective tissue
It has a variable thickness

What is not true of the joint cavity?
It sits between the articulating surfaces
It is a large cavity
The peripheral margins are filled in by villi of the synovial membrane
There is rarely more than 1ml of synovial fluid within it


Which is not true of the fibrous layer
It consists of an outer layer of dense connective tissue and attending fibroblasts
It has no nerves
It has a variable thickness
None of the above

Muscles are not involved in
Communication
Hormonal release
Homeostatic control
Movement and Stability

The origin of a muscle is not
A fascicle
The part that moves the least during a movement.
Usually proximal
Usually Axial


Which cell type is not found in the fibrous layer?
Erythrocytes
Adipocytes
Fibroblasts
Nerves

Which is not a junction?
Osteochondral
Myotendinous
Osteotendinous
Myoosteous



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