Musculoskeletal Questions 4

Which is not a component of the fluid phase?:

Ca2+
H2O
Glycosaminoglycan
K+

Which is not true of recently unloaded cartilage:
An osmotic pressure gradient draws water into the cartilage
The cartilage swells until tensional force = swelling force
Negatively glycosaminoglycan draw ions into the cartilage
The amount of fluid phase in the cartilage is maximal

Which is not a function of the loading cycle?:
Finely adjusting the surface of the joint
Allowing growth
Stopping the joint from jarring
Delivering nutrients to the chondrocytes


You fall over and damage your knee joint so that pale yellow synovial fluid squirts out over the pavement, feeling pain due to the nerves in the fibrous layer and seeing the white articular cartilage. Which word should be amended in the statement?
Yellow
Fibrous
White
Squirt

What is not true of the synovial membrane?
It is an inner layer of loose connective tissue
It has 3 distinct layers
It lines the joint cavity's all non-articular surfaces
It has a variable thickness

What is not true of the joint cavity?
There is rarely more than 1ml of synovial fluid within it
It is a large cavity
The peripheral margins are filled in by villi of the synovial membrane
It sits between the articulating surfaces


Which is not true of the fibrous layer
It has no nerves
None of the above
It consists of an outer layer of dense connective tissue and attending fibroblasts
It has a variable thickness

Muscles are not involved in
Movement and Stability
Hormonal release
Communication
Homeostatic control

The origin of a muscle is not
A fascicle
Usually Axial
The part that moves the least during a movement.
Usually proximal


Which cell type is not found in the fibrous layer?
Fibroblasts
Nerves
Adipocytes
Erythrocytes

Which is not a junction?
Myoosteous
Myotendinous
Osteotendinous
Osteochondral



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