Musculoskeletal Questions 4

Which is not a component of the fluid phase?:

H2O
K+
Glycosaminoglycan
Ca2+

Which is not true of recently unloaded cartilage:
An osmotic pressure gradient draws water into the cartilage
The amount of fluid phase in the cartilage is maximal
Negatively glycosaminoglycan draw ions into the cartilage
The cartilage swells until tensional force = swelling force

Which is not a function of the loading cycle?:
Stopping the joint from jarring
Finely adjusting the surface of the joint
Allowing growth
Delivering nutrients to the chondrocytes


You fall over and damage your knee joint so that pale yellow synovial fluid squirts out over the pavement, feeling pain due to the nerves in the fibrous layer and seeing the white articular cartilage. Which word should be amended in the statement?
Squirt
Fibrous
White
Yellow

What is not true of the synovial membrane?
It lines the joint cavity's all non-articular surfaces
It is an inner layer of loose connective tissue
It has a variable thickness
It has 3 distinct layers

What is not true of the joint cavity?
It sits between the articulating surfaces
There is rarely more than 1ml of synovial fluid within it
It is a large cavity
The peripheral margins are filled in by villi of the synovial membrane


Which is not true of the fibrous layer
It consists of an outer layer of dense connective tissue and attending fibroblasts
None of the above
It has a variable thickness
It has no nerves

Muscles are not involved in
Communication
Homeostatic control
Hormonal release
Movement and Stability

The origin of a muscle is not
A fascicle
Usually Axial
Usually proximal
The part that moves the least during a movement.


Which cell type is not found in the fibrous layer?
Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Nerves
Erythrocytes

Which is not a junction?
Myotendinous
Myoosteous
Osteotendinous
Osteochondral



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